In Powerball under the 5/59 + 1/39 · Jan 2009 – Jan 2012 rules — 316 draws, 5 from 1–59 (an earlier era).
45times drawn · chance expected 27 +3.68σ
0draws waiting — it came up last time
7.0average wait between appearances · chance says 11.8
21longest completed wait · >99% chance of one at least that long
41 looks unusual on its own — and unremarkable among 59 numbers
Drawn 45 times in 316 draws against 26.8 expected, +3.68σ. Testing all 59 numbers at once means about 0.6 should look this way by luck alone, so the threshold tightens to 1.7e-4 and this does not pass it.
41
Number 41, draw by draw
Drawn 45 times in 316 draws · average wait 7.0 draws · longest completed wait 21 · drawn in the most recent draw
a completed wait — darker is longer the wait still running — a lower bound, not a finished gap
Where it lands in a sorted draw
Sort a draw and 41 has a favourite seat — chance gives a large number the high positions more often. That is the shape of sorting, not of the machine.
It has shared a draw with every one of the other 58 numbers; chance expected about 3 still unmet by now. Every pair →
How many people play it
Under the crowd model, 41 is picked about 0.86× as often as an indifferent choice — 34th most popular of 59. That changes nothing about whether it comes up, and everything about how many ways a jackpot on it would be shared.
Nothing here predicts the next draw. A number’s history is a record of a fair machine’s past, and the machine keeps none of it: 41 is drawn with probability 5/59 tonight whatever it did last week.